Composition analysis of metal materials
1. Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES /ICP-OES)
Principle: The use of plasma excited light source (ICP) to vaporize the sample, dissociate or decompose into an atomic state, atoms can be further ionized into an ion state, atoms and ions in the light source excited light. The light emitted by the light source is decomposed into the spectrum arranged according to the wavelength by the spectroscopic system, and then the spectrum is detected by the photoelectric device. The sample is qualitatively analyzed according to the measured spectral wavelength and quantitatively analyzed according to the emitted light intensity.
2. X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF)
Principle: When the sample is irradiated with X-rays, the sample can be excited with various wavelengths of fluorescent X-rays, and the mixed X-rays need to be separated by wavelength (or energy), respectively measuring the X-ray intensity of different wavelengths (or energy) for qualitative and quantitative analysis.
3. Spectrophotometer
Principle: Spectrophotometer uses a light source that can produce multiple wavelengths, through a series of spectrophotometric devices, resulting in a specific wavelength light source, light through the test sample, part of the light is absorbed, calculate the absorption value of the sample, which is converted into the concentration of the sample, the absorption value is proportional to the concentration of the sample.
4. Chemical analysis:
The use of chemical reaction based analysis methods, called chemical analysis. Each substance has its own unique chemical properties, and we can use the chemical reaction between the substances and characterize it in an appropriate way to indicate the process of the reaction, so as to obtain the content of certain combination components in the material
Plastic composition analysis
Functional group analysis: FTIR
Melting point analysis: DSC, TMA, DMA
Glass transition temperature analysis: DSC, TMA, DMA
Thermal stability, thermal decomposition temperature: TGA
Analysis of fiber composition of textiles
1. Combustion method
Textile fibers are basically organic polymer, fiber chemical composition in addition to a few of the same, the vast majority of there are large differences, so the chemical reaction and combustion characteristics of the fiber burning are different, according to which the chemical composition of different fibers can be identified.
2. Microscopy
Because of the different types and varieties of fiber and the special treatment of fiber in the processing process, the longitudinal and cross section of fiber have their own characteristics, so it can be comprehensively identified according to the longitudinal and cross section morphological characteristics of the fiber.
3. Chemical dissolution method
The distance between molecular chains increases due to the attraction between solute and solvent molecules. Due to the different chemical composition and structure of the fiber, its solubility in organic and inorganic solvents is also different. Therefore, the types of fibers can be distinguished by the solubility of fibers in different chemical solvents.